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J. S. SELLON.

APPARATUS POR ELECTRICAL HEATING. No. 302,673. Patented July Z9, 1884.

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h1/animi' Patented July 29, 1884.

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Jqs. SELLON.

APPARATUS POR ELECTRICAL HEATING.

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-v lUNiTnn STATns PATENT @Tricia JOHN SODAMORE SELLON, OF HATTON GARDEN, COUNTY OF MlDDLESEX,

ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL HEATENG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 302,673, dated July 29, 1884.

Application filed May 5, 1884. (Xo model.) Patented in England October 17, ll, No. 4,061.

' To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN ScUDAMoRE Snr.- LON, gentleman, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Hatton Garden, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for Electrical Heating, (for which l have obtained a patent in Great BritaimNo. 4,961, dated October 17, 1883, and for which 1o l have made application in France, dated 1884,)

of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its object to provide apparatus whereby the heating of apartments, railway-carriages, ships7 cabins, or the like can be conveniently effected by electricity, the said apparatus being so constructed or arranged that the maximum heating effect is obtained, andldanger of injuryto the apparatus is obviatec According to `my said invention,l take fireclay or plumbago tiles, porous earthenware,or other suitable material perforated with a series of holes or passages or suitable cells or interstices,or so arranged as to give the equivalents 2 5 thereof, and into the holes, passages, or openings thus formed the circuit-Wires or their equivalents are led, which wires are prefen ably coiled or twisted into a number of convolutions or the like. The said fire-clay or 3o other material may be mounted in a casing or stove, either closed or provided with an inlet for cold air and an outlet for heated air, the parts being preferably so arranged that the only passage for the air through the apparatus 3 5 is by the aforesaid holes or passages containing the heating coils or Wires or their equivalents. The said coils are so held or supported by their position in the perforations or interstices of the fire-clay or other material 4o that sagging of the said wires andvdestructive short-circuiting is prevented. The nre-clay or other suitable material may be in a series of slabs,with the holes or passages and coils or heating-wires or their equivalents so arranged 4 5 therein that when the slabs are placed together the said holes or passages form shafts (of a length in accordance with ,the number and thickness of the slabs used) through which the air to be heated passes. By adding or removing slabs, or by altering the size of wire,

more or less resistance may be obtained, so that the arrangement can be rendered suitable for any required electro-motive force, and so that the degree of heatmay be regulated. The terminals of the wires or conductors for the heating-current will be so arranged and connected to the external leads that the requisite circuit or circuits is or are established through the heating arrangements. By the means above indicated a continuous current of 6o fresh air from the exterior of any apartment or closed space may be warmed up to any convenient degree of temperature and supplied to the interior of the said apartment or space, thus effecting also ventilation ofthe said apartment or space. Such an arrangement for heat ing is also verysuitable and applicable to the. apparatus known as a thermostatic nurse 7 for infants or for chicken-incubators, as the heat can be readily adjusted and regulated to 7o an absolute and constant nicety for any desired period of time, or can also be conveniently adapted to serve as a bed-warmer, or for the application of warmth to invalids, the heat being with facility turned onor off at any moment. Apparatus constructed asv described may be employed for heating purposes generally. For example, it may be used to heat reservoirs or holders of water or of chemical salts-such, for instance, as may be used for 8o foot-warmers for railways. f

In order that my saidl invention maybe fully understood, I shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to the several figures on the annexed sheet of drawings, the same letters of reference indi eatin g corresponding parts in all the iigures.

The accompanying drawings represent apparatus arranged according to my invention.

Figure 1 is an isometrical view of a heating and Ventilating stove containing perforated slabs of clay, plumbago, or equivalent material, with coils of wire in each perforation, through which coils the electric current is passed.V Fig. 2 is a planof one of the slabs separately. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a number of slabs superposed. Fig. 4 is an isometrical view of a foot-warmer constructed according to my invention. Figs. 5 and (5 100 are, respectively, longitudinal and transverse sections ol the same.

Referring to Figs. l, 2, and 3, A represents a casing (which may be of any suitable shape) provided with an inlet for cold air at a, and an outlet for warm air at at. The inlet (I. may open to the outer air, and be provided with a valve, a, for regulating the admission of air. It is also provided with terminal screws Z1, to which the wires Zr from t-he source of electricity are connected. a" are brackets or supports, upon which rest slabs C ot clay, plumbago, or like material, having therein perforations c, forming, when the slabs are placed together, passages for the air from the inlet to the outlet. In each ot' the perforations c is contained a coil of wire, d, each coil forming a part of the electrical circuit, owing to all the coils of all the slabs being connected up in one continuous line connected at one end of one of the terminals b, and at the other end to the other ot' the said terminals. The slabs ht the casing A so that the air passes from the inlet to the outlet by way ol' the perforations c, andin its passage it takes up heat, which is developed when an electric current is passed through the coils d.

rlhe foot-warmer shown in Figs. 4, 5, and (3 is provided with slabs as in the arrangement, Fig. l. It a circulation ot' air be required, it may be cl'l'ectcd byv placing plates c so as to l'orm passages te the under side of the series ol' slabs, through which passages air passes by the inlets f, thence passing through the pen l'orations in the slabs, from whence it escapes by the outlet-orifices y, a passage to which may be l'ormed by the plates It. Between the plates c and h. may be plates i, forming thesidesol` the receptacle lor keeping the slabs in place, the said slabs being supported upon the side pieces j l may, of cou rse, use any fornnsize, and nu mber el" slabs, made ot'any suitable material, and with any suitable number and arrangement of perforations and coils or resistanees therein, and lf may make the connections for the electric current such that slabs may be added or taken away, as may be required.

Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature ol" my said invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into el'i'ect, 'l would observe, in conclusion,that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim, is- 4 l. An apparatus for electric heating, comprising a case or holder and a series ol' pcrl'orated or cellular' slabs assembled together, coils or rcsistances disposed in the cells or perlora tions, and electrical connections, substantially as described.

2. An apparatus for electric heating, com prising a series ol' coils or resistances placed in holes or perfor-ations extending through a slab or slabs of plunibago or similar material, so that the air in passing through said holes or pcrforations comes in contact with the coils or resistances, substantially as described.

3. rlhe combination ot' the series ol' cellular or perforated slabs, the coils or resistances, and the holder or case provided with air-inlets below the slabs and air-outlets above the same, substantially as described.

fi. The combination ol' the pile or series ol' cellular or perforated slabs, the coils or resistances, the case or holder containing the same, and provided with vvair inlets und ontlets, and the cock or Valve i'or regulating the supply of air, substantially as described.

5. An apparatus l'or electric heating, com prising a ease or holder, a slab or series ol slabs having perlbrations extending upward ly through the same, and coils or rosistanccs in said perforations, the said case having air-in` lets below the slab or slabs, so that the air passes through the perl'orations in contact with the coils or l'esisi'anees tlwren, snbstnxt tially as described.

ln testimony whereoi:` l have signed my name to this specification in the j iresence ol two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN SCTTIMXMORE Sl'll'ilitN. lVitncsses:

Wir. JOHN Wenns,

frauen 1Woonnow,

Both of 3l Lombard Slrl'ffl, Leur/on. 

